Report: Do workplace wellness programs really work?

When it comes to keeping health care costs down, employers are turning more and more frequently to workplace wellness programs. In fact, more than half of employers (54%) now incorporate some kind of initiative, whether it be free flu shots or financial perks for hitting health goals, into their overall health care strategies, according to a recent Aon Hewitt survey.

But do those programs really work?

That was the question posed by Georgetown University, which released a study this year examining the incentives – and disincentives – employers are using across the country to encourage better health.

The answer? Well, it depends.

Although Georgetown researchers said well-designed programs have the “potential” to encourage healthier living, they found no authoritative research to prove that they improve healthy outcomes or save employers money long-term. The university warned that poorly-designed programs could do considerable harm by shifting costs to those with the greatest health care needs and potentially run afoul of federal anti-discrimination laws.

So researchers gave some recommendations of things employers should look for when designing a workplace wellness program of their own. For example, the program should include:

  • A multi-pronged approach that goes beyond linking premiums to biometric measures;
  • A reasonable timeframe for participants to meet the program’s goals with incentives along the way;
  • Protections for employees to ensure that premiums remain affordable even if workers can’t satisfy the employer’s health targets;
  • Safeguards to ensure that programs don’t result in health status discrimination or adverse selection against insurance exchanges.

It’s an interesting study. If you’d like to take a look for yourself, here’s a link to the full report. Or, if you’d like a more conversational read, here’s a great article in USAToday.